CHANGES IN THE KEY FACTORS SHAPING THE DEMAND FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN PARKS IN THE CURRENT CONTEXT

Abstract

This article examines the evolution of ecosystem services provided by urban parks and the factors shaping demand for them across different historical periods. It examines the essence of the concept of ‘ecosystem services’, their main functions and classification in accordance with international approaches. The influence of forms of ownership, urbanisation, socio-cultural changes, and environmental and economic factors on the development of urban parks and the transformation of their role in society is identified. Particular attention is paid to contemporary challenges, notably the COVID-19 pandemic and public safety issues, which are shaping new guidelines for the sustainable development of urban park spaces. It is established that increasing urbanisation and the scarcity of natural areas reinforce the importance of urban parks as a vital element of a safe and comfortable urban environment.